Explosive-motor.



PATBNTED MAY so, 1905.

3 SHEETS- SHEET 1.

R. A. MENARD, ADMINISTRATBIX. BXPLOSIVE MOTR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. s. 1902.

DE LomoN E. BARNARD, DEGD.

PATBNTED MAY So, 1905. DE LoNsoN RBARNARD, DEGD.

R. A. BARNARD', ADMINISTMTMX. EXPLOSIVE MOTR. APPLIoATmN :FILED JAN. s. 1902.

. 111111111112111) MAY so, 1905. DE'LONSON E. BARNARD, DECD.

,11. A. BARNARD, ADMINISTRATRIX.

BXPLOSIVE MOTOR.'

lAPPLICATION :FILED JAN. 6. 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' www @mmm 4 is a section at the line 4: 4 on Fig. 1.

UNITED STATESv Patented IVIay 30,

PATENT OFFICE.

DE LONSON E. BARNARD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS; RUDY ALLISON BARN ARD ADMIN I STRATRIX DECEASED.

OF SAID DE LONSON E.. BARNARD,

ExPLoSlvE-MoTon.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'latent No. r791,126, datedMay 30, l1905.

' Appumion flied January e, 1902. sel-iai No. 88,477. l

To all whom 'it may concern:

cago, -in the county of Cook and State of Illi` nois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Explosive-Motors, of which the following is a specication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention consists in improvements in explosive-motors in respect to governing devicesand the means for intermitting the sujpply of explosive at will. v-

In the drawings, Figure lis a front elevation of my improved engine, partly sectional at the vertical plane of the axis of the main shaft, the ily-wheel being insection at that plane. Fig. 2 is a section at the line 2 2bn Fig. 1. Fig. 3. is a detail section at the line 3 3 on Fig.` l through the chimney which ifncloses the incandescent igniting-tubes. Fig. 5 is a section at the line 5 5 on Fig. l. 6 isa section at the line 6 6 on Fig. 5.

This engine comprises two cylinders erected vertically side by side and having their pistons connected to oppositely-disposed cranks upon a main shaft common to them both and journaledabove the cylinders, the two cylinders being'formed in one casting and being both encompassed by the same water-chamber formed in said casting, and said casting is also constructed to serve as the standard or frame for supporting the main crank-shaft and all working' parts.

A is lthe main standard-casting, in which are formed the two cylinders A' A', which are upwardly open and which are encompassed by the water-chamber A2 at the lower part and for a distance toward the upper end suflcient to include the parts especially exposed to the heat of the explosive fluid.

B is the main crank-shaft, having its journal-bearings in the arms A3 A2, extending up- Ward from the main standard-casting A and having between said bearings two cranks B B', to whose wrists B10 B10 are connected pitmen C C, respectively, which are jointed to the pistons D D, as seenat d, Fig..2.

The inlet and exhaust passages and the valves controlling them are respectively formed and mounted in a fitting F, which is mounted lon the forward side of the main standard-casting A, with lits passages registering properly with ducts A4 A4, leading to the lower end of the cylinders, respectively, through the water-jacket, the casting being properly formed to provide for such passages without opening into the water-chamber. In the fitting F"are formed the valve-chambers F' F', in which are the inlet-valvesG G, seating downward over theinlet-portsff, respectively, and the exhaust-valves H H, seating upward in the exhaust-ports f' f', the inletports being connected by a passage F2, formed in a boss extending along the under side of the fitting F and having a connection at F20 for the inlet-pipe leading from the mixer. (Not shown.) From the exhaust-ports f'f' the exhaust-passages lead out through the exhaust-pipe connections F11 Fu.

From the. valve-chambers F F ducts f1.0 lead convergingly toward the middle point of the tting F and then upwardly, emerging side by side through the face F3 at the top of the iitting F, and in the mouths of these ducts are inserted and secured the igniting-tubes J J, inclosed by a common chimney I, having at the lower end of the forward-side amouth I2, into which the lighting-jet K protrudes and through which the lighting-name is directed againstthe tubes .I J vfor preliminary heating. At the opposite ends of the fitting F are electric igniting-pockets F4 Ft, commuing at its inner end a tapering head adapted to seat valvewise in the countersunk inner end of the borey 1n said boss, through Vwhich they shaft extends, and said shaft at the outer end is provided with a lever-arm M2, which extends up to a point directly under the valveoperating shaft, hereinafter described, so as 5 to be actuated by an element mounted on that f shaft to cause it to rock the shaft M and carry the=arm Ml into and out of contact with thepin L.' for the purpose of establishingand immediately afterward breaking the circuit IO causing the igniting-spark. Between the end of the boss F and the arm M2 there is interposed'a coil-spring M3, which is engaged at one end with the boss and at the other end witlrthe-arm, -so asto constitute a connection I5 between thearrn and the-boss by which the arm is fixed with its upper end in proper po sition to ybeeneounteredand actuated, as hereinafter described, thespring tending .-el'ast`ically to resist the rocking of the shaft .2C awayfrom that position and to restore-it :tof

Athesame. yThe spring -also ,is adapted to be i compressed axially to permity the shaft M ftoi be `forced ink and to thrust itzoutagain. `The purpose of this construction-iste afford .means forfcleaning thefcontacting surfaces by rub- ,L bin`g them.. together, -which-,may bedone `atV f.... ,anytime, whether the,. engine `is in action `lori at rest, by` taking holdlof the arm M2 and'orcingzi-t aside in direction to z throw thefinger 3Q' M.ontoth'epinL. and while itisrin this po.-

.. isitionpushing theshaft Minward against the resistance :of the spring .and allowing 4it to bev forced-outward, repeating the --motion a few ik times :to `rub the finger on the--pinsu-iriciently-` tocleanse the two surfaces. 2 f

Iwill nowf describe thev valve actionv an governingldevices associated with the same.

' I The mainshaftcisgeared to the second shaft l N inthe customarymanner, soas to give the oted yto the main standard-castingata and ex..

- tending from its pivot'so as to overhang the valve-.chamber and be connected `tothe stem 5o Hiof theexhaust-valve. .Onthis valve-stem,t about the/lowenportiomis coiled as piral spring 1H?, stopped at the lower end on-the top of the fitting F and :at the upper end on theadjust.-Y fable stop .collar or nut H,.which `is screwedonto the stem H. On said stem, above said stop-nut,there is placed a'second coiled spring ,'.Hlstopped at the lower end on the adjustable 1,-- stop H3 andiat the-upper end against the un- ,l der side of the valve-operating lever O,above iw'hich,.on theistern; there is an adjustable stop-` i A:n'ut H51 From the .exhaust-valveH there isl a projection hat the lower side,which.is long 1 enough to strike the upperside off the inlet. valveG when the exhaust-valve is opened, so

thatsaid inlet-valve atfordsa stop to the opening of the exhaust-valve and is itself held closed as long and aspositively as the exhaust-valve is held open. The inlet-valve is opened by suction from the engine and is held closed yieldingly, subjectto the action of the suction, by the spring Gr", coiled about the I stein Gof the inlet-valve, saidstem protruding out through the bossf12 on the lower side of the passage F2 and beingY provided with a stop-nut Gr3 at the outer end, between which and the boss f2 the spring is stopped. lhe spring Hi is stiffer than the spring H2, and the result of this arrangement is that when the cam N" forces down thelcverO the spring H2-.y-ields -lirst to permit the exhaust-valve to be opened until the projection /t on said valve encounters the inlet* valve-and is stopped thereby,holdingthe latterseated Further movement ofl the4 lever O inthe same direc- .'tion vunder the action ot' thecam compresses the spring. H4, and said spring. is` [i1-st to react after the protuberance ot' the campassesthe abutment O before the spring Hicanreaet to relieve the inlet-valve of the pressure by which the exhaust-valvelholds it-closed.i'l`he purpose of -this action is to be found chiefly in the governing-devices, as will appear from the followingdescription. On the hub ot-one of the fly-wheels a grooved collarl? is arranged to slide axially a short distance, its peripheral groove P'- Abeing,engaged withthe short arms Q, Q' of the bell-crank levers, whoselonger arms Q2 c arry the. balls. Q",-which are `connected by a spring. Q4, tending to draw them together, the bell-crank levers being' fult crumed at their angles on the Vfiy-wheel, so that from the rotation of the wheel the balls receive centrifugal tendency, which is `resisted by the spring, which tends todraw the' balls togetherv andwtoward the center.'` At the side of the standard there is pivoted a level' R,one end of whiclirests against the inner face of the peripheral grooved collar P,the other arm .of the `lever being connected by an extensible l spring R to the standard, said spring operating'normally to.- hold the'uppercnd of the lever pressed against the .collar and the .collar .forced to the limit of itsgrange ot' movement `outward on thehubof the fly-wheel that is,

inadireetion tendingtospread the ballsand stretch the spring which connects them.-'l`he fspring R. thus operates to the same eiiect on `tendency arisingefromthe' rotation of the -wheeL -From thev lower end ot' the lever R a link R3 extends toa cam S,fulcrumed on a studs, projecting-from theA standard A and having attheupperfend otithelarm,:remote from its pivot,aroll S5 and-at the lower end, directly opposite its pivot, at the side-toward IIO are pivoted to the standard at H and extend e upward from their pivots, respectively, to-

. cams N.

ward the shaft N, terminating under the shaft alongside the abutments O' O on the levers O O, respectively, said abutments and the upper ends of said latches being provided, respectively, with hooks O and T10, adapted to become engaged when the latter swing inward .toward the abutments, andthe levers' are forced downward to a position carrying the abutments O' out of range of action of the The latches thus are adapted to lock the levers at a position at which they hold the inlet-valves closed and the exhaust-valves open and out ofv position at which the rotation of theshaft and the cam can .affect them. 1n order that the latches may become thus engaged with the leverswithout requiring the levers to be forced farther than they arenormally l forced by the cam, in its proper action and yet permit sufficient movement of the levers back toward the shaftto effect a` secure engagement of the hooks O10 and T10, it is evidently necessary that the levers should be forced by the cam a little farther than necessary merely to reduce the proper action of the valves, since otherwise the exhaustvalve would be lifted andwould release the inletvalve by the amount of movement necessary to permit the hooks to interlock. It is for this purpose that the springs H2 an'd H4 are arranged, as described, on the valve-stem, for

it will be observed that by that arrangementV the lever O may have a movement equal to the full amount of the compressibility of the spring H4 in excess of the movement necessary to open the exhaust-valve and positively seat the inlet-valve, as described, without affecting the movement ofV said valves, which will be held securely in the position to which they are forced by the iirst part of the operating movement of the lever with a pressure which is measured by the tension given to the spring H2 whenit is compressed in the first part of the movement of the lever, while the lever is lifted by the reaction of the spring H4 enough to disengage the hooks during all that portion of the rotation of the cam N during which the protuberance N 10 is Aout of contact with the abutment-roll O'. This leaves the latch free to tilt out ot' engaging position whenever the governing device ceases to hold it in such position. The devices which hold the vlatches in said position comprise bowsprings T3 T3, attached to the latches, vrespectively. The roll S' on the upper end of thek cam S encounters one of these springs when the caml is rocked by the action of the governor at excess speed, while the end of the other is lodged upon and may be secured to the step S2 at the opposite side and under said cam, so that the rocking of the cam about its fulcrum in the direction in which the spring R tends to rock it through the medium of the llink R3 tends -to Vforce both latches over.v toward the valve-operating levers, with which they are respectivelydesigned to engage, and when thus lforced bythe action of the govern- 'ing devices, as described, the hooks OI0 and T10 on said parts, respectively, will become vengaged at the lowest position Vof the valve- `operating lever and will hold the lever at that position. When/the reduction of the speed causes the caml S to be rocked back to position at which it no longer tends to hold the latches over toward the levers, respectively,

the engagement of said hooks is relieved at ythe next revolution of the cam N', forcing the levers O down to the extreme position and disengaging the hooks, leaving the latches free to swing outward from the levers and -leave the levers free to follow the cam upward and restore the action of the valves.

In order to throw either cylinder out of :action atwill independently of the governing devices, I provide on the same stud on which `the roll O is mounted ka latch O3, 0f which the handle O extends upward past the shaft N, the opposite end extending under the shaft and having its upper edge eccentric to the fulcrum of said latch and provided at the outer portion with a seat O31 for the shaft N. When the operator desires to put either cyllind'er out of action, the handle O30 o-f the lever O3 may be seized and thelever rocked outward, thel lever O being by the same movement naturally and easily pressed downward orthe operator merely holding the lever'O3 until the action of the cam N forces the lever` `O downward and at the lowest point rocking lthe lever O3 outward until the shaft lodges in the seat O31, by which lodgment the latch is locked inthe position into which it is thus thrown and the ylever'O is held positively down out of range of engagement with the hook T19that is, at a point at least as low as it could be-forced by the cam N. While in this condition no action of the governing mechanism will aifect the cylinder which is thus thrown out of action, and the operator can at any time by releasing the latch O3 restore the cylinder normally again tothe con-` trol of the governor.

To operate the sparkingyor electric igniting device, the shaft N has outside it two bearings, respectively, the collars V V, which have projection V', which in each revolution 'collides with the upper end of the lever-arm M2 and rocks the finger M into contact with the tip L of the insulated terminal L, and thereby establishes the circuit which is immediately broken by the projection V running off from the end of the arm Mzyallowing the spring M3 to retract the linger from the tip, causing the igniting-spark to pass between the two. 'The arm M2 is a spring-arm, so that the projection Vl may be calculated to give the end of said arm a little more movement than the minimum which might be sufficient to force IOO the finger into touch with the insulated tip', such excess of movement rendering it certain that the contact will be made With pressure enough to insure the passing of the current and the elasticity of the arm preventing breaking or undue resistance to the rotation of the shaft N When the projection V strikes said arm.

I claimn 1. In an explosive-'motor in combination vvith a rotating shaft; a valve-actuating lever; means rotated by the shaft for operating the lever; ay spring which transmits the opening movement from the lever tothe valve, and a latch mounted on the lever and adapted to be rocked against the' shaft to hold the lever away from'the latter for locking the valve out of action at will. v

2. In an explosive-motor, in combination With the valve-operating lever, a rotating shaft; a cam for operating the lever and 'a spring Which transmits the opening movement from said lever tothe valve; a latch pivoted on the lever, havinga handle extending in direction to be reciprocated longitudinally by the valveactuating movement of the lever,said latch being adapted to be rocked against the shaft when the lever is at most remote position therefrom and hold the lever at suchposition.

3; In an explosive-motor, a governor comprising centrifugal balls, means for causingY them to approach when free from centrifugal influence; means for locking the engine-valves out of action; a spring Which tends to effectI engagement of such locking device; connections from the centrifugal balls by which their approach operates in' opposition to such spring, andl their centrifugal operation releases the spring from such opposition, whereby the locking is effected under the action of the spring alone.

4. In an explosive-motor in combination with a lever for holding the inlet-valve closed; the latch, T, having a hook, T10` and means on the lever for engagement with the hook when the lever is in position for holding the valve closed; a centrifugal governing device and connections by which it moves the latch into lever-engaging position when said governing devices are operated centrifugally by the speed of the motor, said connections comprising a spring which transmits said movement to the latches, whereby the same is transmitted yieldingly.

5. In an explosive-motor comprising a plurality of chambers in vwhich an explosionA isV produced; the inlet-valves pertaining-to said chambers, respectively, andthe respective leferias vers for holding said inletvalves closed; latches, T, T, having, respectively, hooks for engaging the valve-operating levers, said levers being provided with means for such engagement and adapted to be engaged at valveclosing position; centrifugal governing devices and connections by which they move the latches into lever-engaging position upon centrifugal action of said governing devices; said connections comprising a lever fulcruined on thefram'e and the means extending from the governing devices for rocking it about its fnlcrum, and springs on the latches, respectively, against which said lever bears to transmit motion to the latches when the lever is rocked by said centrifugal action.

6. In an explosive-motor in combination with a lever for operating the exhaust-valve, the latch, T, havinga hook, T10, and means on the lever for engagement with the hook when the lever is in position for opening the exhaust-valve; a centrifugal governing device and connections by which it moves the latch into lever-engaging position when said governing devices have been operated centrifugally by the speed of the motor, said connections comprising a spring which transmits said movement to the latches whereby the same is transmitted yieldingly.

7 In an explosive-motor comprising a plurality of chambers in which an explosion is produced, the exhaust-valves pertaining to said chambers respectively and the respective levers for operating said exhaust valves; latches, T, T, having respectively hooks for engaging the valve-operating levers, said levers being provided with means for such engagement and adapted to be engaged at valveopening position; centrifugal governing devices and connections by which they move the latches into lever-engaging position upon the centrifugal action of said governing devices, said connections comprising a level' fulcrumed on the frame and means extending from the governing devices for rocking it about its fulcrum, and springs on the latches respectively against which the lever bears to transmit movement to the latches when the level is rocked by said centrifugal action.

In testimony whereofl vl have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two witnesses, at Chicago, Illinois, this 27th day of December, A. D. 1901.

l). E. BAENA itl).

In presence of- CnAs. S. BURTON, HAROLD WARNER.

tof

t is hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 791,126,`granted May 80, 1905, upon the application of De Lonson Barnard, ofl Chicago, Illinois, for an improvement in Explosive Motors, Was erroneously issued to Rudy Allison Barnard as administratrix, Whereas it should have been issued to said Rudy Allison Barnard as administrator of said De Lonson E. Barnard,`deoeased, and thatithe pronoun in the grant indicating sex should read his instead of her; andr that the said Letters Batent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Ofoe.

Signed and sealed this 27th dayv of June, Aw. D., 1905.

[SEAL] F. I. ALLEN,

Commissioner of Patents. 

